Automatic controlling or regulating apparatus.



G. G. EARL.

AUTOMATIC CONTRO-ILLLNG 0R REGULATING APPARATUS.

APPLICATIQN HLED res. 8. 1913.

1,21 1,830. Patented Jan. 9,1917.

ICE.

GEORGE GOODELL EARL OF NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA.

AUTOMATIC CONTROLLING OR REGULATING APPARATUS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented J an. 9, 1917.

Continuation of application Serial No. 536,239, filed January 3, 1910.This application filed February 8,

, 1913. Serial 110,747,105.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, GEORGE Gr. EARL, acitizen of the United States, residing at New Orleans, in the parish ofOrleans and State of Louisiana, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Automatic Controlling or Regulating Apparatus; and I dohereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exactdescription'of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in theart to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to devices or apparatuses that are employed forautomatically controlling or actuating an independent mechanism such,for example, as a recording or indicating device or a valve or set ofvalves for governing the head or the level of a liquid.

The main object of my invention is to provide an apparatus of thecharacter described that is of simple construction and which willaccurately control the device or mechanism which it is desired tooperate automatically or provide a record of such operation.

This application is a continuation of the application #536,239, filedJan. 3, 1910.

Another object is to provide an automatic controlling apparatus which isso constructed that any variation in the flow of a liquid through anorifice or any variation in the level of a liquid on either side of anorifice, will automatically set into operation mecha- Tnism which causesthe controlled device to move or change its position.

Another object is to provide an apparatus of the character describedwhich is so constructed that any variation in a head of liquid over, oracting upon an orifice or discharging member will cause a head of liquidover or acting upon a separate orifice or over a number of separateorifices or discharging members to automatically vary proportionately orfunctionally.

Another object is to provide a controlling apparatus which is soconstructed that any variation in the level of a liquid will bring abouta corresponding variation in the level of the same liquid or a similarliquid at a different point, the level at the second point being eitherat an equal, lesser, or a greater elevation than that of the level atthe first point. And still another object of my invention is to providea'contr-ollmg apparatus plished by an apparatus or device capable ofautomatically creating and maintaining a head, level or pressure over,on or against a fixed point, which will always be proportional orfunctional to another head, level or pressure, or to the differencebetween two or more heads, levels or pressures, one or more of which maybe varying.

In the devices hereinafter illustrated, the

' pressures, or differences of pressures, which have been shown forutilization are, in some cases, the heads on two sides of an orifice.

It is obvious, however, that the difference between any two other heads,levels or pressures which also varies functionally with a fluid fiow ina conduit, could be used with equal facility with this device.

I have herein illustrated one form of apparatus embodying my invention,but I wish it to be understood that the broad idea herein describedcould be embodied in various other forms of apparatus than those hereinshown without departing from the spirit of my invention.

Figure 1 of the drawings is a diagrammatic view of an apparatusembodying my invention, said apparatus being used for automaticallycontrolling the supply of a chemical solution to Water which it isdesired to treat with said solution. Fig. 2 is a detail verticalsectional view of the balanced pilot valve that controls the fluid whichactuates the hydraulic valve arranged in the chemical solution supplypipe. Fig. 3 is a detail vertical sectional view of the balanced pilotvalve that controls the admission and egress of water to and from thereceptacle in which one of the weights is arranged.

, Referring to Fig. v1 of the drawings, 1 designates the top and bottomwalls of a conduit through v,which w'ater flows, and 2 designates avertically disposed partition that separates said conduit-into twocompartments A and B, said partition being provided with an orifice 3that permlts the water to flow from the compartment A into thecompartment B, as indicated by the ar row a. The object of thisapparatus is to control the introduction of a chemical solution into thewater in the compartment B.

and cause the flow of said chemical solution to vary automatically asthe flow of water into said compartment varies. The chemical'solution iscontained in a suitable tank, not shown, and is conducted from said tankby means of a pipe 4 to a tank 5 having an orifice 6 that permits thechemical solution to escape from said tank through a pipe 7 into thecompartment B, a hydraulic valve C being arranged in the pipe 4 forcontrol ling the flow of the chemical solution to the tank 5. While Ihave herein shown a hydraulicvalve C for controlling the supply ofchemical solution to the water conduit, it'

will, of course, be obvious that any other suitable type of valve couldbe used for this purpose and, therefore, I do not wish it to beunderstood that my broad idea is limited to the exact constructionherein shown.

A beam or lever 8,-which oscillates on a fixed or stationary fulcrum 9,sustains two cylindrical-shaped weights 10 and 11 of equal length anddiameter, said weights being supported by rods 12 and 13, respectively,that are pivotally connected to the beam 8 at equal distances from thefixed fulcrum of said beam. The weight 10 is arranged in. thecompartment A on one side of the orifice 3 and the weight 11 is arrangedin the compartment B on the opposite side of said orifice, said weightsbeing preferably arranged in such a manner that the lower ends'of bothweights will be approximately level with the lower edge of the orifice 3when the beam 8 is in perfect balance. These weights preferably consistof closed cylinders loaded with some suitable heavy material whichimparts enough weight to same to cause the cylinders to act asweightseven though they are completely submerged by the water in theconduit. In other words, these cylinders 10 and 11 are weighted inexcess of their displacement, so that, though they will be partiallysupported by its liquid, they will not float to the surface even whenthey are completely suomerged. I prefer to arrange said weights insideof tubular-shaped protecting members 11 having openings 15 at theirlower ends that permit the water in the conduit to flow into same andthus rise to the same height around the weights as the water on theoutside of said protecting members,the function of these protectingmembers 14 being merely to prevent the flowing Water in the conduit fromexerting a lateralpressure on the weights or cylinders 10 and 11 or fromsurging around said weights and thus throwing them out of a truevertical position or causing them to oscillate more rapidly than doesthe mean level of the water around them.

A weight 16, which preferably consists of a closed cylinder weighted inexcess of its displacement, is connected to one end of the beam 8, andsaid weight is arranged inside of a tank 17 to which water is supplied,as hereinafter described. This weight 16 is approximately one-half thelength and area of the weights 10 and 11, but -it is suspended from thebeam 8 at twice the lever distance from the fulcrum of said beam as theweights 10 and 11. Consequently, a onepound pull on weight 16 willbalance a twopound pull on weight 10 and will be equal to a two-poundpull on weight 11.

The cylinders or weights 10, 11 and 16 are connected to the beam 8 insuch a manner that they will be in balance only when certain conditionsare established; namely, when the water on both sides of the orifices 3is at the same level and the water in the tank 17 is at a certain level;for example, the level indicated by the dot-and-dash lines a' and y inFig. 1. If the level of the water around the cylinder 10 varies, thesustaining force which said water exerts on said cylinder will, ofcourse, change and thus throw the beam Soul; of balance. For example, ifthe flow of water into the conduit increases, the water in thecompartment A will rise to a higher level than the water in thecompartment B because the water has to pass through an orifice 3 of lessdiameter'than the conduit, in passing from the compartment A into thecompartment B, the partition 2 in the conduit forming practically a damthat holds back or impedes the flow of water. water on the two sides ofthe orifice 3 will throw the beam 8 out of balance, for the weight 11will exert a greater downward pull on the beam than the weight 10 doeswhenever the level of the water around the weight 11 is lower than thelevel of the water around the weight 10. It is immaterial, so far as thesuccessful operation of m apparatus is concerned, whether the normallevel of the water is at the lower ends of the weights 10 and 11 or atthe middle or top of said weights, for so long as the level on bothsides of the orifice 3 is equal, the water will not flow through saidorifice and the beam and weights will remain in perfect balance. As soonas the water starts to flow through the orifice, however, the level ofthe water in the compartment A will rise and thus cause the welght 11 todescend and the weight 10 to more upwardly.

The destruction of the equilibrium of the This difference in the levelof the weights and beam or the movement of said beam in either directioncauses a means to be set in motion that, will restore the equipoise ofsaid beam and weights, and, in the embodiment of my invention hereinshown, said means consists of a hydraulic medium that is admitted to orconducted away from the tank 17 by means of a pipe 18, said hydraulicmedium being controlled or set in motion by means of a balanced pilotvalve D. It will, of course, be obvious, however, that any othersuitable device would be substituted for the balanced pilot valve D, andin other embodiments of my invention wherein a pneumatic or anelectrical medium is employed for restoring the equipoise of the system,a suitable device for same, such, for example, as a pneumatic valve oran electric switch or contacts, will be substituted for the valve Dherein shown. The piston 19 of the valve D is herein shown as beingsecured to the rod 12 which forms the connection between the weight 10and the beam 8 but it will, of course, be obvious that a separateconnection between said piston and the beam or one of the weights couldbe employed without departing from the spirit of my invention.

The casing or cylinder inside of which the piston 19 of the valve D isreciprocatingly mounted, is provided at its upper and lower ends withwaste-pipes 20 and 21. The pipe 18 that leads from the lower end of thetank 17 is tapped into the casing of the pilot valve D adjacent theupper end thereof, and a pressure line 22 is tapped into the easing ofsaid valve at approximately the center thereof, as shown in Fig. 3, thepiston 19 being so arranged that the pipe 18 is closed when the weightsand beam 8 are in balance. The upward movementof the weight 10, causedby the rising of the water around said weight, imparts an upwardmovement to the piston 19 of the pilot valve D and thus opens the pipe18 so that the water from the pressure line 22 can flow through saidpipe into the tank 17 inside of which the weight 16 is arranged. Thewater continues to flow into this tank 17 until the level around theweight 16 is as much above the normal level indicated by the dotand-dashlines as and y as the level of the water about the weight 11 is lowerthan the level about the weight 10. In other words, the pilot valve Dpermits enough water to flow into the tank 17 to exert suliicientadditional sustaining pressure on the weight 16 to equalize the upwardpressure that was exerted on the weight 10 by the water ris- .C

The introduction of the ing around same. water from the pressure line 22into the tank 17 thus causes the beam 8 to return to its normal balancedposition. and as said beam moves back to its normal position, the piston19 of the pilot valve moves back to its. normal position, therebycutting off the flow of Water from the pressure line into the pipe 18.

If the supply of water to the conduit should thereafter be diminishedthe level of the Water in compartment A will drop and thus cause theweight 10 to descend. The downward movement of this weight 10 causes thepiston 19 of the pilot valve D to move downwardly but said piston is soconstructed that it does not permit the water from the pressure line toflow into the pipe 18 when it moves in this direction, the downwardmovement of said piston merely openingthe pipe 18 so that the water fromthe tank 17 can drain out through said pipe into the cylinder of thepilot valve and thence escape through the waste-pipe 20 adjacent theupper end of said valve cylinder. The Water continues to drain out ofthe tank 17 until the water level around the weight 16 has dropped orfallen to a point only as much above the normal level indicated by thedot-and-dash lines m and 3 as the difi'erence between the level aroundthe weight 10 and the level around weight 11. .That is to say, if thedifference of level around 10 and 11 decreases, the equilibrium of beam8 will be destroyed and the piston of pilot valve D will be moveddownwardly and in such a direction that the water in tank 17 can drainout of same. The draining of the tank 17 diminishes the sustaining forceon the weight 16, thereby causing said weight to move downwardlygradually as the level around it falls, and thus causing the beam 8 toresume its balance and close the pilot valve D so as to prevent furtherdraining of tank 17. The level in tank 17 will them stand as much abovethe dot-and-dash line a: and 3 as the level around 10 is higher than thelevel around 21. If desired, the mechanism for actuating the gate of thehydraulic valve C that controls the flow of the chemical solutionthrough the pipe 4, could be operated by the beam 8 so as to cause thesupply of chemical solution to vary as the quantity of water supplied tothe compartment B varies, but in the form described, for reasons to behereinafter stated, I use a separate set of weights 23 and 24 and a beam25 for operating the piston of a balanced pilot valve E which controlsthe hydraulic medium that actuates the hydraulic valve C.

If only a single solution is to be used, the pilot valve E could besubstituted for valve D and made to govern the hydraulic valve governingthe flow of chemical solution which could be made to enter tank 17. Inthis case, the difference in level around 10 and 11 would be balanced bya level of chemical solution around 16 and as this level around 16 wouldalways be equal to the difference in level around 10 and 11 if tank 17were provided with an orifice having its center on the line w3 it isevident that the discharge from this orifice could be made to enter theline 7 and be directly applied to the water passing through orifice 3.The beam 25 is mounted on a fixed fulcrum 26, and the weights 23 and 24:are connected to said beam at equal distances from the fulcrum thereof,said weights preferably consisting of closed cylinders of equal areathat are weighted in excess of their displacement, so that they will actas weights even when they are completely submerged. The weight 23 isarranged inside of a tank 27, and the weight 21 is arranged inside ofthe tank 5 which receives the chemical solution from the supply pipe 1,the tank 27 being in communication with the tank 17 by means of a pipe28, so that water can enter the tank 27 and assume the same level as thewater in the tank 17. The weights 23 and 24 are so arranged that theywill be in balance only when the level of the water around weight 23 isthe same as the level of the chemical solution around the weight 24, theleast change in level around said weights causing .the beam 25 to moveand thus vary the position of the piston of the pilot valve E. The gateof the hydraulic valve C is so arranged that when the beam 25 is inbalance the quantity of chemical solution that leaves the tank 5 throughthe orifice 6 will be just the same as the quantity of chemical solutionthat enters said tank through the pipe 4. The balanced pilot valve is ofsubstantially the same construction as the pilot valve D previouslydescribed, and the piston 29 of said valve is secured to a rod 30 thatis pivotally connected to one end of the beam 25. A pressure line 31leads to the center of the cylinder or casing of the valve E and pipes32 and 33 lead from said valve cylinder to the cylinder of the hydraulicvalve C, the cylinder of the pilot valve E being provided withwaste-pipes 31 and 35 that lead from the upper and lower ends thereof,respectively. 4

Whenever the level of the water around the weight 23 drops the beam 25will move in a direction to impart an upward movement to the piston 29of the balanced valve E and thus permit the water in the pressure line31 to flow through the pipe 32 into the cylinder of the hydraulic valveG and thus partially close the gate of said valve so as to restrict theflow of the chemical solution through the pipe 1 into the tank 5. Thepartial closing of the hydraulic valve 0 of course reduces the supply ofchemical solution to the tank 5 and when the level of the solutionaround the weight 2-1 has dropped to the level of the water around theWeight .23the beam 25 will return toits balanced position and in doingso,,wi1l mov9..1 h 13 15 5 ton of the pilot valve E back to'its ndrmalposition, the gate of the hydraulic valve remaining in the position towhich it has been moved so as to restrict the flow through the pipe 4sufliciently to keep the level around the weight 24 at the same level asthe level around the weight 23. If the level around the weight 23 shouldrise, as for example, during the time when the water is being admittedfrom the pressure line 22 into the tank 17 to restore the beam 8 to itsnormal balanced position, the beam 25 which carries the weights 23 and21, will be thrown out of balance and thus move the piston of the pilotvalve E downwardly so that the water from the pressure line 31 can flowthrough the pipe into the cylinder of the gate valve C and thus move thegate thereof in'a direction to permit a greater quantity of chemicalsolution to flow into the tank 5 and thus restore the balance of thebeam 25, the piston of the pilot valve E of course, cutting off the flowof the water through the pipe 33 when the equilibrium of the beam 25 isagain established.

As the level of the water around the weights 16 and 23 must always bethe same, and as the level'around weight 16 is always equal to thedifference of level around the weights 10 and 11, it necessarily followsthat the head of liquid over the orifice 6 in the chemical solution tank5 will always vary proportionately with the head of water over the mainorifice 3 in the water conduit. Consequently, the flow of the chemicalsolution through the orificev 6 will always be proportionate,within-certain limits, with the flow of water from the compartment Ainto the compartment B.

While I have herein shown only one weight 23 in the tank 27 forcontrolling a single beam 25, it will, of course, be obvious that saidtank could be made large enough to receive a number of weights, each ofwhich could be used for operating a beam or lever that governs a devicefor controlling the flow of liquid through an independent pipe. In thisway, any desired number of orifices could be controlled and thusregulate a number of difierent streams of liquid.

I claim I 1. In an apparatus of the character described, a beam, weightssuspended from said beam, one of said weights being adapted to besubmerged or partially submerged by a liquid on one side of an orifice,and the other weight being adapted to be submerged or partiallysubmerged by a liquid on the other side of said orifice, said weightsbeing so proportioned and arranged that the beam is in balance when theliquid around said weights stands at a certain level or certain levels,a chemical feed device, and hydraulically controlled means governed bythe flow of fiuid through said orifice for causing said device tooperate when the level of the liquid around said weights varies and thusdestroys the equilibrium of the beam,

2. In an apparatus of the character described, a beam, weights suspendedfrom said beam, one of said Weights being adapted to be submerged orpartially submerged by a liquid on one side of an orifice, and the otherweight being adapted to be submerged or partially submerged by a liquidon the other side of said orifice, said weights being so proportionedand arranged that the beam is in balance when the liquid around saidweights stands at a certain level or certain levels, a device, means forcausing said device to operate when the level of the liquid around saidweights varies and thus destroys the equilibrium of the beam, and meansfor automatically restoring the equilibrium of said beam.

3. In an apparatus of the character described, a beam, weights suspendedfrom said beam, one of said weights being adapted to be submerged orpartially submerged by a liquid on one side of an'orifice and the otherweight being adapted to be submerged or partially submerged by a liquidon the other side of said orifice, said weights being so proportionedand arranged that the beam is in balance when the liquid around saidweights stands at a certain level or certain levels, a device, means forcausing said device to operate or become operative when the level of theliquid around said weights varies and thus destroys the equilibrium ofthe beam, and means for restoring the equilibrium of said beam and alsocausing said device to become inoperative.

4. In an apparatus of the character described, a balanced member whichremains in equilibrium so long as a certain condition exists, a devicewhich it is desired to operate automatically, means for causing saiddevice to become operative when the equilibrium of said member isdestroyed, and hydraulic operated means for automatigally restoring theequilibrium of said mem- 5. In an apparatus of the character described.a balanced member which remains in equilibrium so long as a certaincondition exists, a plurality of weights suspended from said member, adevice which it is desired to operate automatically, means for causingsaid device to become operative when the equilibrium of said member isdestroyed, and means for automatically restoring the equilibrium of saidmember.

6. In an apparatus of the character described, a balanced member whichremains in equilibrium so long as a certain condition exists, aplurality of weights suspended from said member, a device which it isdesired to operate automatically and which is .capable of assuming adifferent position,

means for causing said device to become operative when the equilibriumof said member is destroyed, and means for restoring the equilibrium ofsaid member and also causing said device to become inoperative.

7. In an apparatus of the character described, a beam, a pair of Weightssuspended from said beam and arranged in such a position that they willbe submerged or partially submerged in a liquid, a receptacle associatedtherewith, an independent weight suspended from said beam in saidreceptacle that is adapted to contain a liquid,

said beam being in balance when the liquid around said weights stands atcertain levels, a device which it is desired to, control, and means forcausing said device to become operative when the equilibrium of saidbeam is destroyed.

8. In an apparatus of the character described, a beam, a pair of weightssuspended from said beamand arranged in such a position that they willbe submerged or partially submerged in a liquid, a receptacle associatedtherewith, an independent weight suspended .from said beam in saidreceptacle that .is adapted to contain a liquid, said beam being inbalance when the liquid around said weights stands at certain levels, adevice which it is desired to contr0l,means for causing said device tobecome operative when the equilibrium of said beam is destroyed, andmeans for changing the level of the liquid in said receptacle to restorethe "equipoise of the beam.

9. In a hydraulic system of the character suspended in a fluid whichhave such a relation in leverage from the fulcrum of said beam that theywill be in balance only when a certain condition exists, an actuatingmeans that is adapted to be set in motion when the equilibrium of saidbeam is destroyed, said means automatically acting to restore theequipoise of the beam. a device, and means whereby said device moveswhen said beam moves.

10. In an apparatus of the character described, a beam, a pair ofweights suspended from said beam and adapted to be submerged orpartially submerged. in a liquid, a receptacle associated therewith, anindependent weight suspended from said beam and arranged inside of saidreceptacle, and a device adapted to be actuated by the movement of saidbeam for permitting a liquid to enter said receptacle-or escapetherefrom so as to restore the equipoise of said beam after it has beenthrown out of balance.

11. In an apparatus of the character described, a beam provided withweights which are adapted to be submergedor partially submerged in aliquid, means for restoring the equipoise of said beam after it has beenthr wn out of balance, and a device controlled by the movement of saidbeam for governing said means.

12. In an apparatus of the character described, a balanced member, areceptacle associated therewith, a weight suspended from one end of saidbalanced member and arranged inside of said receptacle that is adaptedto contain a liquid, and means for admitting liquid into said receptacleto restore the equipoise of said member when it moves in one directionand also permitting liquid to escape from said receptacle to restore theequipoise of the member when it moves in the opposite direction.

18. In an apparatus of the character described, a balanced member, aweight suspended from one end of said balanced memberand arranged insideof a receptacle that isadapted to contain a liquid, means for admittingliquid into said receptacle to restore the equipoise of said member whenit moves in one direction and also permitting liquid to escape from saidreceptacle to re store the equipoise of the member when it moves in theopposite direction, and a governing device that .operates automaticallywhen said balanced member moves.

14:. In an apparatus of the character described, a beam, weightssuspended from said beam on opposite sides of the fulcrum thereof, oneof said weights communicating with a liquid on one side of an orificeand another weight communicating with a liquid on the other side of saidorifice, the equilibrium of said beam being destroyed when the level ofthe liquid around said weights varies from a certain point, anindependent mechanism, and a device hydraulically operated by themovement of said beam for controlling said independent mechanism.

15. In an apparatus as described, a vibratory balanced member, a pivoton which the same is balanced, said member remaining in equilibrium solong as a certain condition exists, a device which it is desired tooperate automatically, means for causing said device to become operativewhen the equilibrium of said member is destroyed and hydraulic meansthrough which said member exercises control over said first named means.

16. An apparatus of the character described, comprising two weightsarranged on opposite sides of an, orifice through which a liquid flows,a beam to which said weights are connected, said weights being soarranged that the equilibrium of said beam is destroyed when the levelof the liquid on opposite sides of said orifice varies, a receptacleadapted to contain a liquid and having an orifice through which saidliquid can escape, and means for causing the level of the liquid in saidreceptacle to vary automatically as the level of the liquid on oppositesides of the orifice first referred to varies.

17. In an apparatus of the character described, a beam provided with apair of weights that are arranged on opposite sides of an orificethrough which a liquid flows,

a tank adapted to contain a liquid and having an orifice through whichsaid liquid can escape, a valve for regulating the flow of liquid intosaid tank, mechanism for controlling the position of said valve, amedium for restoring the equipoise of said beam and also operating saidvalve-controlling mechanism, a device for controlling said medium, andmeans for causing said device to move when said beam moves.

18. In an apparatus of the character described, a beam, a tank, Weightssuspended from said beam and arranged on opposite sides of an orificethrough which a liquid flows, an independent weight suspended from saidbeam and arranged inside of said tank that is adapted t6 contain aliquid, automatic means for governing the flow of a liquid into and outof said tank to restore the equipoise of the beam after said beam hasbecome unbalanced by variations in the level of the liquid on theopposite sides of the said orifice, a pair of receptacles adapted tocontain. a liquid, one of said receptacles having an orifice throughwhich the liquid therein can escape, and the other receptaclecommunicating with said tank, a second beam provided with weights thatare arranged inside of said receptacles, a valve for controlling thefiow of liquid into the receptacle which is provided with the orifice,and means operated by said second beam for governing said valve.

19. In an hydraulic system of the character'described, a balanced memberwhich remains in a state of equilibrium so long as a certain conditionexists, hydraulic c011- trolled means for restoring the equipoise ofsaid member, and a device controlled by said balanced member for causingsaid means to become operative When the equilibrium of said member isdestroyed.

20. In an apparatus of the character described, a normally balancedmember, which remains in equilibrium so long as a certain conditionexists, a device which it is desired to operate automatically, means forcausing said device to become operative when said member is moved fromnormal position and means to restore said member to normal positionWithout operating said device.

21. In combination, a fluid receptacle, means including a source ofpressure for creating a fluid pressure in said receptacle, a secondfluid receptacle, second means including a source of pressure forcreating a second pressure in said second receptacle, mechanismincluding a vibratory member having a range of motion for automaticallycausing changes in the pressure one of said receptacles functionally tothe changes of pressure in the other of said receptacles said mechanismexposing to said pressure a constant effective area throughout the fullrange of motion of the vibratory member, a third receptacle having anopening therein through which a substance may pass and means controllingthe passage of the substance through said opening, said last named meansbeing governed by said mechanism.

22. In combination, a plurality of receptacles, a plurality of sourcesof pressure for creating fluid pressure in said receptacles, mechanismincluding vibratory means having constant, definite, efl'ective areasexposed to the pressures from said sources for the full range of itsvibrationsfor automatically causing changes in the pressure in one ofsaid receptacles functionally to resultants of the changes of pressurein the other of said receptacles, a third receptacle having an openingtherein through which a substance may pass and means controlling thepassage of the substance through said opening, said last named meansbeing by said mechanism.

23. In an apparatus of the character described, a plurality of movablemembers,

governed connecting means connecting said memberstogether, one of saidmembers being adapted to be submerged or partially submerged by a liquidon one side of an orifice, and the other member being adapted to besubmerged or partially submerged by a liquid on the other side of saidorifice, said members being so proportioned and arranged that theconnecting means is in balance when the liquid around said membersstands at a certain level or certain levels, a device and hydraulicallycontrolled means for causing said device to operate when the level ofthe liquid around said members varies and thus destroys the equilibriumof said connecting means.

24:. In a fluid regulating system, the combination of a source ofpressure, a pressure cell, connections between said source and celltransmitting fluid under pressure from said source to said cell, asecond pressure cell, a second source of adequate fluid pressure,connections for conveying fluid under pressure from said second namedsource to said second cell, movable apparatus exposed to the pressuresin said cells and operated thereby, and mechanism including a valvecontrolled by said apparatus for maintaining the pressure in the secondcell equal to the pressure in the first.

25. In a fluid regulating system, the combination of a source of fluidpressure, a pressure cell, means to transmit fluid pressure from saidsource to said cell, a second source of adequate fluid pressure, anoutlet for fluid flow, means to connect said source and said outlet, asecond pressure cell connected to said second source, movable apparatusopersultant of changes of pressure chambers, a movable member aflectedby the pressure in said chambers, a varying static fluid pressure in oneof said chambers, a source of fluid pressure higher than the saidvarying static fluid pressure and an outlet of lower fluid pressure thansaid varying static fluid pressure, a fluid passage-Way from said sourceto said outlet connected with the other of said pressurechambers betweensaid source and said outlet and means including a valve operated by saidmovable member governing the flow of fluid through said passage-way tomaintain the static fluid pressure in the last named pressure chamberequal to the varying static fluid pressure in the first named pressurechamber.

27. In an apparatus of the class described, the combination of a sourceof fluid pressures, a compartment, means to transmit fluid pressure fromsaid source to said compartment, a second compartment, means to transmita second and difl'erent fluid pressure from said source to said secondcompartment, a buoyant member in each compartment responding to changesin pressure therein, a pivoted lever connected on one side of its pivotto one of said buoyant members and onthe other side to the other member,a third source of pressure, a duct for conveying fluid from said thirdsource of pressure to one of said compartments and a valve in said ductcontrolled by said lever.

28. In an apparatus of the class described, the combination of a sourceof fluid pressures, a pressure cell or compartment, means to transmitfluid-pressure from said source to said cell, a second pressure cell orcompartment,.means to transmit fluid pressure from said source to thesecond cell or compartment, mechanism in said compartments responding tochanges in pressure therein, a second source of pressure, a ductconveying fluid from said second source to one of said compartments anda "alve governing the flow through said duct controlled by saidmechanism.

29. In combination, a wall having an ori fire therein, a fluidreceptacle on each side of said orifice, means for creating fluidpressures in said receptacles. and mechanism including a vibratorymember for automatically causing changes in the pressure in one of saidreceptacles functionally to the repressure in the other of saidreceptacles.

30. In combination, a plurality of fluid receptacles, a plurality ofsources of pressure for creating fluid pressure in said receptacles,mechanism including a vibratory member, means about which said membervibrates, said member being freely movable about said means through itsfull range of vibration, a plurality of said receptacles being upon oneside of said means, said mechanism adapted to automatically causechanges in the pressure in one of said receptacles functionally to theresultant of the changes of pressure in the other of said receptacles.

81. In combination, a plurality of liquid receptacles, a plurality ofsources of pressure for creating liquid pressures in said receptacles,normally balanced vibratory means controlled by said pressure, and meansgoverned byv said first named means controlling said fluid pressure torestore said first named means to normal when disturbed therefrom.

32. In combination, a plurality of fluid receptacles, a plurality ofsources of pressure for creating fluid pressures in said receptacles,normally balanced vibratory means controlled by said pressures, andmeans governed by said first named means, controlling said fluidpressure to automatically restore said first named means to normal whendisturbed therefrom.

33. As a means for creating a proportional flow, the combination of aplurality of fluid receptacles, a vibratile member adapted to beoperated by the pressure in such receptacles, sources of fluid pressure,the difference between which is proportional to the main flow, anotherand higher source of pressure, a third receptacle, means to connect saidother source of pressure to said third receptacle, a fourth fluidreceptacle, means therein for discharging to the low pressure side ofthe first named source of pressure, and means controlled by thevlbratory member governing the discharge.

3%. In combination, a liquid receptacle, means including a source ofpressure for creating a liquid pressure in said receptacle, a secondliquid receptacle, second means including a source of pressure forcreating a second pressure in said second receptacle, and mechanismincluding a vibratory member movable through a certain range forautomatically causing changes in pressure in one of said receptaclesfunctionally to the changes. of pressure in the other of saidreceptacles, said member being freely movable and having a definite areathroughout its range of motion.

35. In a hydraulic system, a fluid pressure cell, a source of fluidpressure creating a varying static pressure in said cell, a second fluidpressure cell, a source of fluid pressure higher than the aforesaidvarying static pressure, connection from said last named source to saidlast named cell, a freely movable vibratile member aflected oppositelyby the static pressure in said cells, an outlet for fluid flow connectedwith said last named cell and means including a valve operated by thevibratile member regulating the flow from the second named source ofpressure to the second named cell to main tain the static fluid pressuretherein equal to the varying static fluid pressure in the first namedcell, both of said pressures being measured from a common datum.

36. In combination, a liquid main, avibratile member, means responsiveto changes in pressure in said main for vibrating said member, tomaintain it in balance, a closed conduit, devices governed by saidmember controlling said closed conduit, apparatus by which said membergoverns said means, and a source of liquid pressure causing a liquidflow in said conduit to said main, said devices being moved functionallyto the movement of said member, whereby the flow in the conduit is afunction of the flow in the main.

37. In a fluid regulating system, a plurality of fluid pressure cells,means to cause the static fluid pressure in one of said cells to vary, asource of fluid pressure and an outlet for fluid flow of adequate highand low pressure range, a fluid passage-way from said source to saidoutlet, connection between said source and said outlet with one of saidfluid pressure cells, a movable member acted upon by the static fluidpressure in all of said cells in a definite amount and direction in eachsaid cell for each definite condition of static pressure in said celland in equilibrium only when a predetermined, functional relation existsbetween the first named varying static pressures and the pressures inthe cells which are connected with the said fluid passage-way. and meansincluding a valve operated by the movable member when its equilibrium isdestroyed, governing the flow of fluid from said source to said outletto regulate the pressure in the last named cells and restore theequilibrium of the movable member.

38. In a fluid regulating system, apparatus creating varying fluidpressures, mechanism movable through a finite range of motion, means totransmit said fluid pressures to said movable mechanism, said mechanismexposing to said pressures definite, unchanging areas through its rangeof motion, second apparatus for creating another source of pressure andmeans controlled by said mechanism for maintaining the last namedpressure functional to the first named pressures.

39. In a device of the class described, the combination of movablemeans, apparatus to transmit a varying fluid pressure to one side ofsaid means, second apparatus to convey a second fluid pressure directlyto the other side of said means and mechanism including a valvecontrolled by said means for maintaining the pressure on its two sidesequal during the variations in said pressure.

40. In combination, a stationary liquid receptacle, means including asource of pressure for creating a liquid premure in said receptacle, asecond stationary liquid receptacle, second means including a source ofpressure for creating a second pressure in said receptacle and mechanismincluding a vibratory member freely movable'through a definite range forautomatically "causing changes in the pressure in one of saidreceptacles functionally to the changes of pressure in the other of saidreceptacles.

41. In combination, a plurality of liquid receptacles, a plurality ofsources of pressure for creating liquid pressures in said receptaclesand mechanism including a constant area vibratory member freely movablethrough a definite range for automatically causing changes in thepressure in one of said receptac es functionally to the resultant of thechanges of pressure in the other of said receptacles.

42. In combination, two liquld receptacles, a source of liquid pressuresfor creating liquid pressures in said receptacles, means having aconstant, definite, eflective area acted upon by said pressures and inbalance when the desired relations exist between said pressures andmeans operated by said means acted upon by one of said pressures torestore the balance of said'means whenever any change in the other ofsaid pressures has destroyed said balance. i

43. In a fluid regulating system, two fluid pressure cells, a movablemember affected by the static pressure in said cells, a varying staticfluid pressure in one of said cells, a source of fluid pressure and anoutlet for fluid flow of adequate high and low range, a fluidpassage-way from said source to said out let, connected between saidsource and said outlet with the other of said pressure cells,

and means including a valve operated by said movable member governingthe flow of fluid through said passage-way to maintain the static fluidpressure in the last named pressure cell in any predetermined,functional relation with the first named varying static fluid pressure.

44. As a means for creatin a proportional flow, the combination 0 aplurality of fluid receptacles, a vibratory member adapted to beoperated by the pressure in said receptacles, sources of fluid pressure,

.the diflerence between which is functional to the main flow, anotherand higher source of pressure, a third receptacle, means to connect saidother source of pressure to said third receptacle, a fourth fluidreceptacle, discharging means therefor, and means controlled by thevibratory member governing the discharge.

duct fluid therethrough, a duct, means tocause fluid to flow throughsaid duct, a device controllingthe flow of fluid through said duct,means controlling said device governed by the flow of fluid in the main,said means being disturbed from normal. when the flow of fluid in themain changes to operate said device and means for automaticallyrestoring said means to normal without operating said device.

46. In an apparatus of the class described, the combination of a fluidmain, a fluid duct, apparatus controlling the flow of fluid 1n the duct,means normally in equilibrium controlling said apparatus, said meansbeing disturbed from equilibrium when the pressure of the fluid in themain changes to operate said apparatus and mechanism for restoring saidmeans to normal without operating said apparatus.

.47. In an apparatusof the class described, the combination of a pair ofsources of fluid pressure, two compartments, means to trans mit thepressure from one of said sources to one of said compartments means totrans. mit pressure from the other source to the other compartment, abuoyant member in each compartment responding tochanges in pressuretherein, nected on one side of its pivot to one of said members and onthe other sideto theother pressure, a duct. and a'valve in a pivotedlever con pressure cells, means to connect said source of pressure withone of said cells, apparatus to maintain the pressures in said cellsequal to each other, including a movable member, means to cause saidmember to be affected by the pressures in said cells,- an adequatesource of fluid pressure, an outlet for fluid vflow, a passage-wayleading from said last named source to said'outlet, a,

connection from said passage-way to the other of said pressure cells anda valve in said passage-way operated by said movable member.

49. In a fluid regulatin system, the combination of a plurality ofstatic fluid pressure cells, means to cause changes in pressure in oneof said cells, a vibratile member, a plurality of weights, each adaptedto ,be afiected in weight by varying liquid levels occasioned by thestatic fluid pressure in said cells, means connecting said weights tosaid vibratile member, each weight reacting through said connectingmeans and vibratile member against some of the other weights, anothersource of fluid pressure and an outlet for fluid flow of adequate highand low pressure range,

a fluid passage-way no connecting said outlet and last named source,connections from said passage-way to one other of said cells, and meansincluding a valve in said passage-way operated by said vibratile memberto maintain said member in equilibrium.

50. In a fluid regulating system, the combination of two static fluidpressure cells, means to cause changes in pressure in one of said cells,a vibratile member, two weights, each adapted to be affected in weightby varying liquid levels occasioned by the static fluid pressures insaid cells, means connecting said weights to said vibratile member, eachweight reacting through said means against said vibratile member, meansto cause said vibratile member to be in equilibrium at any requiredinitial relation of the static fluid pressures in said two pressurecells, a source of fluid pressure and an outlet for fluid flow ofadequate high and low pressure range, a fluid passage-way connectingsaid outlet and last named source, connection from said passage-way tothe other of said cells and means including a valve in said passagewayoperated by said vibratile member to maintain said member in equilibrum.

In witnesss whereof, I aflix my signature in the presence of twowitnesses.

GEORGE GOODELL EARL. \Vitnesses:

E. BLOCK, JOHN C. BARTLEY.

